One hundred and twenty years after its birth, the Dow Jones Industrial Average is as relevant as ever. There’s hardly a news story about the American stock market that doesn’t mention the index’s industrial average.

The idea of the Dow, an index of stock prices of 30 highly-valued and influential American companies, was first conceived by Charles Dow and Edward Jones, two financial journalists who went on to become the founders of The Wall Street Journal. Understandably, a lot has changed since 1896. The original 12 companies that made up the Dow, save for General Electric, have all disappeared from the index. At the time, those companies represented that era’s major economic outputs: sugar, energy, rubber, steel, and leather.

Also, at first, the Dow contained only industrial stocks (hence the name), and back then, investors were actually mostly interested in bonds. As financial historians note, the Dow became increasingly important over time, and by the 1950s, everyday Americans began to invest in stocks, as opposed to just professional traders.

Source: The Dow: An Index of Winners

Facebook [stckqut]FB[/stckqut] has set out to power all advertising across the Internet.To that end, the social network and online advertising company said Thursday it will now help marketers show ads to all users who visit websites and applications in its Audience Network ad network. Previously Facebook only showed ads to members of its social network when they visited those third-party properties.

The change is a subtle one, but it could mean Facebook will soon help to sell and place a much larger portion of the video and display ads that appear across the Internet. The change will also intensify competition with Alphabet Inc. subsidiary Google [stckqut]GOOG[/stckqut] [stckqut]GOOGL[/stckqut], which dominates the global digital-advertising market, and a wide range of other online ad specialists.

Facebook disclosed in March that about 1.65 billion people now use the site each month. According to the International Telecommunication Union, a total of 3.17 billion people used the Internet globally in 2015.

To date, Facebook has only showed ads across its Audience Network to Facebook users, targeted based on information the company has collected about its users’ tastes and behaviors. Now Facebook plans to collect information about all Internet users, through “like” buttons and other pieces of code present on Web pages across the Internet. It will then use the information it collects to target ads to non-Facebook users.

Source: Facebook Wants to Help Sell Every Ad on the Web – WSJ

The U.S. economy is doing a lot better than advertised. But listening to what companies say, investors might find that hard to believe.

Gross domestic product grew at a 0.8% annual rate in the first quarter, according to revised estimates released by the Commerce Department on Friday. That was better than the initially reported 0.5% rate. But it was still awfully soft, marking the slimmest gain since the first quarter of last year when a harsh winter walloped the economy.

The weakness in the GDP report dovetails with the weak first-quarter results many companies reported. Indeed, the Commerce Department also reported its measure of pretax corporate profits (which unlike GDP aren’t adjusted for inflation) rose just 0.3% from the fourth quarter—1.4% at an annual rate. From a year earlier, profits were down 5.7%.

But GDP seems out of step with other economic reports, suggesting there is something to arguments that there are problems with how the first-quarter figures are getting adjusted for seasonal swings.

Source: The Economy vs. Earnings: Companies Aren’t Winning

A federal jury here ruled that Google’s use of Oracle Corp.’s Java software didn’t violate copyright law, the latest twist in a six-year legal battle between the two Silicon Valley titans.

Oracle sued Google, a unit of Alphabet Inc [stckqut]GOOGL[/stckqut] [stckqut]GOOG[/stckqut]., in 2010 for using parts of Java without permission in its Android smartphone software. A federal appeals court ruled in 2014 that Oracle [stckqut]ORCL[/stckqut] could copyright the Java parts, but Google argued in a new trial this month that its use of Java was limited and covered by rules permitting “fair use” of copyright material.

A 10-person jury on Thursday agreed.

Google acknowledged using 11,000 lines of Java software code. But it said that amounted to less than 0.1% of the 15 million lines of code in its Android mobile-operating system, which runs most of the world’s smartphones.

Source: Google Wins Java Copyright Case Against Oracle

New rules aimed at stockbrokers will have enormous impacts on the way Americans save for retirement.

The rules aren’t coming from the government’s financial regulatory apparatus but from the Labor Department. The Labor Department is releasing final regulations that will require brokers getting paid to provide investment guidance on a retirement account to act solely in the best interest of the investor.

Brokers’ recommendations to this point have only had to be “suitable”—a less rigorous standard that critics say has encouraged some advisers to charge excessive fees, favor investments that offer hidden commissions and recommend securities that can be difficult for investors to sell.

The shift, more than six years in the making, could cut the total costs of investing by billions of dollars annually. But it also will put the federal government deeper into the business of deciding what Americans should do with their own money.

Investors who now pay commissions when they buy stocks or bonds will likely be moved into accounts where brokers collect up to 1% of their assets every year—a change that will compensate brokers for increasing the size of the account, not selling products. A range of popular but controversial offerings like variable annuities, commodity pools and some real estate investment trusts will likely be de-emphasized for retirement accounts. In their place investors increasingly will be offered low-cost index funds that passively mimic market returns. Moving funds from a 401(k) into an individual retirement account could become cheaper, as brokers comply with requirements that the fees are reasonable and the investment strategy is appropriate. And investors who feel they were wronged will find it easier to sue for breach of contract.

The flip side of those changes is that the money-management industry faces its most sweeping overhaul in a generation. Small firms could be heavily pressured by compliance costs, while some large financial firms could be left better off than before.

Mountains of money hang in the balance. Total assets held in IRAs stood at $7.3 trillion at the end of 2015, an amount roughly equal to the combined gross domestic product of Germany and Japan. An additional $6.7 trillion sits in 401(k)s and similar employer-sponsored retirement plans, estimates the Investment Company Institute, a trade group for fund managers.

Changes aimed at how that money is managed could easily spread into the broader market for financial advice.

This will have a sweeping impact. The Labor Department’s new rules on retirement-account advice will touch large numbers of American savers and financial companies.

New rules will affect:

  • 21 million retirement plans and IRAs
  • 2,800 financial firms

To comply financial institutions will have to produce about 86 million written disclosures and notices in the first year with an estimated cost of $69 million

 

Source: Saving for Retirement? The Rulebook Is About to Change – WSJ